Official

OSXP, Vista7, 8, 8.1
Chromium49109
ChrOpera3695
Vivaldi1.0.435.465.6.2867.62
Vivaldi Snapshot1.1.443.35.7.2901.3
Brave Stable/1.47.186
Brave Dev/1.48.150
Brave Beta/1.48.152
Brave Nightly/1.49.62
ChromEdge/109

Source and download links

Note: Chromium stopped supporting CPUs that don't have the SSE3 instruction set since version 89, while Edge kept (re-added?) support until version 128. Status is unknown for Vivaldi, ChrOpera, and Brave.

Forks/Mods

Supermium backports newer (120+) Chromium back to Windows XP. It also has some patches from ungoogled-chromium, and has a compact UI mode that looks like pre-Material Design Chromium.

Google Chrome Crack is a modded Chrome that allows newer versions (120+) to be run on Windows 7.

Advanced Chrome had a "custom build" that is "a mix of different branches, mostly from chrome version 51 and some parts of versions 54 and 48", which allowed it to work on XP. The last version of the custom build was 54.20.6530.0 on 2018/01/05, and the last version of the "latest build" was 94.0.4590.0 on 2021/07/31. The website was shutdown sometime between 2022/10/27 and 2023/01/21. Initially I didn't include Advanced Chrome on this page, because it was discontinued too long ago. But it still has the pre-MD UI, which is a bonus.

Other changes

28 switched the engine from WebKit to Blink. Chromium 27 used WebKit 536.37, which is how this version number became a part of every Chromium user agent since then.

44 is the last version to support NPAPI plugins, which include Java. Source

54 is the last version before "Project Eraser" removed manual selection of text encodings.

UI changes

The UI before 53 was pre-material design. 53 made MD the default. In Chromium 53 and 54, there was a flag #top-chrome-md that can switch it back to pre-MD. 55 removed the non-MD option from that flag, leaving "material" and "material hybrid" as the only options.

Similarly, Chromium 69 made MD2 the default, and Chromium 71 removed the ability to switch back to MD1.